Process of making heat-insulating coverings for pipes or similar articles and covering made thereby



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PROCESS OF MAKING HEAT INSULATING COVERINGS FOR PIPES on F". A. HEADSONSIMILAR ARTICLES AND COVERING MADE THEREBY Filegl Aug. 26, 1922 PatentedJuly 1, 1924.

FRANK. A. HEADSON, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO JOHNS-MAN-VILLE,INCORPORATED, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF MAKING ZHZfl'ilA'Jf-IIil'SU'LATING GOVERINGS FOR PIPES ORSIMILAR ARTICLES AND COVERING.MADE THEREBY.

Application filed August 26, 1922. Serial No. 584,534.

coverings for pipes or similar articles and .to an improvement inprocesses for making the same.

It relates particularly to an improvement in processes of makingheat-insulating pipe coverings, comprising a sheet or ,sheets ofheat-insulating material wound in such a manner as to form a pluralityof separable sections one of which is wound upon and encircles theother, each sectionconsisting of or comprising a multiplicity ofannular. or spiral layers, plies or laminations.

Heretofore it has been customary to wind the separate concentricsections of different diameters, which. areplaced one over the other(nested together) on the pipe to be covered, in separate operations, onseparate mandrils of proper diameters. These two operations haveincreased costs, and involved the disadvantage that these separatelyformedsections did not always fit together properly when assembled, andwere liable to be injured when the sections were assembled and thesmaller was forced into the larger one.

can be formed in one winding operation by inserting at the proper pointin the winding a dry, uncemented sheet, sheets or section in 4 the coilof material being-wound up on one mandril. Then, when the completed tubeis slit or cut longitudinally, to enable it to be sprung or snapped overthe pipeto be covered, all connection is severed between the 4 portionof the coil inside said dry sheet or section, and the portion outsidethereof, so that the two, separated, concentric sections thus formed maybe slid one on the other, both longitudinally and circumferentially,

" to break joints in the manner desired.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 ion relates to heat-insulating- Ihave found that two separate sections end margins are in ofi'setrelation.

is a view in longitudinal vertical section of a machine of ordinary andwell known form, suitable for use in the practice of my improved processof making heat-insulating coverings by and in accordance with myimproved process and invention; Fig. 2 is a detail View in transversevertical section of arotative support or mandrel, and of a par- I tiallycompleted insulating pipe covering in process of being wound thereon,showing an 1111161 section completely wound, and

a plurality of dry intermediate separating layers of sheet materialbeing inserted between the separable inner and outer sections; Fig. 3 isa similar view, showing the winding of the outer section practicallycompleted,

with the intermediate separating dry layers between the inner and outerseparable sections; Fig. 4, is a similar View, showin the inner andouter separable sections slitte longitudinally from end to end thereof;Fig.

.5 is a perspective View showing the longitudinal side slits or marginsand the end margins of the inner and outer sections in ofiset relation.Fig. 6 is an end view showing an inner section and a single intermediatedry separating sheet being wound thereon. Fig. 7 is a similar view ofthe covering shown in Fig. 6, with the winding of the innersection andintermediate separating sheet completed, with two complete spirals of acoil of the separating sheet between the inner and outer separablesections. Fig. 8 is a similar view of the same covering slittedlongitudinally from end to end. Fig. 9 is a 'view in perspective showingthe cov ering illustrated in Fig. 8, with the inner and outer sectionsadjusted so that the side and Fig. 10 is an end view ofan inner sectionshowing a dr separating sheet'being wound thereon, to orm a singleseparating complete spiral of a coil between the inner and outersections. Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the outer section beingwound around the inner section and dry separating layer of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of a plurality of sheetsof fibrous ass bestos having particles of sponge therein.

vFig. 13' is a side view partly in section,

with parts broken, away to show the dry separating layers between theinner and outer sections, and showing the margins of the .inner andouter sections in offset relation. I v

Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate like parts, Arotative'mandrel or core 1 is provide and. rotatively mounted insuitable journal bearings 2 in a supporting frame 3, or other suitablesupport, which? may be of any desired ordinary and well known formadapted to enable the heat-insulating sheet material to be wound uponand removed from the mandrel in such a manner as to form snugly fittinginner and outer separable sections, in accordance with my improvedprocess and invention.

The mandrel-1 1* is operatively connected with a suitable-source ofpower, such, for example, as a motor a, by any desired ordinary anddwell known means. In Fig. 1

of the drawings is shown a simple and efficient machine suitable for usein the practice of my improved process and invention, in whichabeltpulley b is fixed to the rotative mandrel 1; a-belt pulley c isfixedto a rotative shaft. (2; a-belt e is mounted on and operatively connectsthe pulleys b and c; and'the shaft d is operatively connected with themotor a by any suitable connecting and driving", means, such, for

example, as a-belt f leading from a pulley g fixed to the'motor shaft, hand in op'erative engagement with a pulley wheel i fixed to anintermediate shaft is, which is in -turn operatively connected with theshaft d by a sprocket chain -l and sprocket wheelsnot shown-fixed to theshafts la and d.

A coating roll m for applying adhesive material to the web or sheet 8 ofheat-insulating sheet material, is fixed to the shaft 03, or otherconvenient support, and in position to coat the, desired surface of thesheet 8 with adhesive material. at deposited on.

the surface of said roll m from a container 0. Idler rolls p and 9support the web 8 in position to present the moving surface of thesaidweb in position to progressively Q ,engage. the surface of the coatingroll m.

Another .c'oa'ting roll r is provided, forcoating the' opposite sideof-the'sheet or web 8, or other sheet of heat-insulating 'materialfwhendesired. The coating 'roll r engages a roll 8 ina container t which,

like the container 0 is provided with a supply' of adhesive material at.And the roll 7- is movable into and out of position to engage the.desired adjacent surface of a terial to be coated, while being woundaround the mandrel or support l.

In making heat-insulating coverings web '8 or other heat insulatingsheet mahaving separable inner and outer sections 6 and "7 eachcomprising a series 0t add meagre hesively connected layers ofheat-insulating sheet material, which may be of any desired suitablematerial, such for example as asbestos paper, with or without particlesof sponge imbedded therein, wool felt, or asbestos paper waterproofed orsaturated with Waterproofing material, or otherwise, in accordance withmy improved process and invention, I provide a supply of heat insulatingmaterial which may be in the form of a supply roll 9 mounted on a spoolor other suitable support 10. And, in /case more'than one sheet is to bewound at one time, or more than one kind of sheet material is to bewound together or employed in the making of all or any desired part orparts of the heat-insulating covering, any desired number of additionalsupply rolls 11 of sheet material are provided and one such is shownmounted upon a spool 12 or other suitable support. (See Fig. 1. Anydesired ordinary or suit able means may be employed for rotating themandrel 1 to cause the web or sheet material to be wound thereon.

The web ,or sheet 8 of heat-insulating material, such, for example, asasbestos paper, asbestos paper having particles of sponge imbeddedtherein, (suchas shown at 22 in Fig. 12) wool felt or other suitableheatinsulating sheet material, is wound upon and around the rotativemandrel or support 1, and progressively coated on one or both sides oron any desired portions of the surface of such sheet or sheets 8, durinthe operation of winding the same around the mandrel, with a coating.n'of adhesive material which, by preference, consists of or comprisessilicate of soda or waterglass. .The coating of adhesive-material 12 maybe applied by causing the web to pass over or in contact with the coatedsurface or surfaces of one or more coating rolls m, i one or bothof'which may be in position to engage the web or any desired surfaceportion of the web or sheet 8 as it is wound from the supply roll 9, orEther support, onto or around the manre 1.

'The winding of the adhesively coated web or sheet 8. is accomplishedwith facility by rotating the mandrel 1, after first detachably securingor removably connecting the end of the web with the 'mandrel, and thewinding of the web or sheet 8 aroundthe mandrel is continued, with theadhesive material in a moist or plastic condition, and until the/innersection 6, comprising a series of adhesively connected continuous spiralor annular layers or laminations 13 of heat-insulating sheet material,is completed, or is of the desired diameter-.2

To separate this firs and, inner section from a second outer section-7to be later Ill) I wound upon said inner section 6, I now insert a sheetof flexible material with both surfaces devoid of cement and thencontinue to, wind on section 7 in theform of an outer coil 26 of thesame web 8. Then when the outer'section 7 is slit longitudi nally at 18,and the inner section 6-is similarly slit at one or more points 19,separate sect ons composed of coils 13 and 26 of the web 8 will beformed which can be shifted, the inner on the outer one, as indicated inFig 5, 9 and 13.

e introduction of this dry separating sheet may be accomplished in anyone of 5 several ways. Two thicknesses of such sheet may be introducedand wound in between the successive coils of web 8, which has pasteapplied by roll 1' only on one side, until there is a complete loop ofone of these sheets 15 in contact with the dry side a .of the next loopof web 8. The outer dry sheet 15 is then between the dry side of thenext' outer convolution of web 8, and the other, or inner, dry sheet 15.Such outer dry sheet therefore forms a loose, dry sep-' tum between theinner and outer sections 6 and 7 This is shown in Figs. 2 to,5. If,however, the paste so applied by means of roll 1' (roll m being out ofcommission) 'is temporarily interrupted, roll 1" being also swung out ofcommission for one revolution of. the mandril. enough to go once aroundto form one complete spiral (as shown in Figs. 10 and 11) is sufiicientif it is fed in so as toregister with the dry portion of web 8. To makea perfect 1' ob by this method the longitudinal slits 18, 19 must cutthrouglf exactly at the slightly'overlapping ends of the unpastedconvolution of web 8 and sheet 15 must reg ister exactly with said dryportion of web. 8. To avoid this requirement of extreme accuracy. it isbetter'to lengthen the dry section of web 8 and of the inserted, singlethickness sheet 15, up to, say two convolutions, as shown in Figs. 7 to9..

If the unpasted section of web 8 is thus increased to slightly more thantwo. convolutions and the slits 18,19 are cut through the. overlappingportions of the dry sec-- tion, the separate sheet 15 may be omittedaltogether, the second dry convplution of web 8 itself then forming thedry, separating 'sheet floating between sections 6 and'7, after theslitting. If this dry section of.

' web8 is lengthened to three 'ormone convolutions the slits 18, 19. maybe cut at any point of the circumference and still leave a complete dryconvolution of web '8 floating between a dry outer surface on section 6and a dry inner surface on section 7.

' The object of the invention is accomplished when the nested sections 6and 7 formed by any of. the above described three methods, or otherwise,with an intervening A single sheet 15 long' separating sheet of sectionare shifted radially and longitudinally as shown in Figs. 5, 9 and 13 tobreak joints at all points.

In Fig. 13, the butt joint 20 between adj acent sections 7, 7 is bestshown thus shifted' out of line from the butt joint 21 between adjacentinner sections 6, 6 and at 25 is there shown any suitable outer wrappingapplied to outer sections 7 7.

It is obvious that by my invention but one mandril is required forwinding each set of nested sections of covering, the operations ofwinding the several sections are continuous, no assembling of separatesections is required and a perfect fit between the sections of each setis assured.

- While I have shown means for applying cementing material to both sidesof the web 8 it is rarely necessary to apply it on more than one side.If it be applied to both sides then three thicknesses of dry separatingsheets 15 would be needed when the modifi cation of my methodillustrated in Figs. 2 to 5 is employed, if one of them is,to be leftfloating between the two sections 6 and 7 of the completed covering.Similarly, in the modification where a single separating sheet isemployed, or the dry. sheet is formed of a section 0f the web 8 itself,extra spirals of the coil would need to be left free from paste tosecure such result.

I claim: I

1. A process of making heat insulating" coverings'having separable innerand outer sections, which comprises winding heat insulating sheetmaterial around a rotary support, thereby forming an inner section, thenwrapping an intermediate separating layer of sheet material around saidinner section to provide means for separating said inner section from anouter section to be wound arbund the same, and then winding heatinsulating sheet material around said inner section and around and incontact with said intermediate'separating layer, thereby forming anouter section surrounding said inner section and separated from theinner section by said intermediate separating layer.

2. A process of making heat insulating coverings having separable innerand outer sections, which comprises winding heat insulating sheetmatenal around a rotary support, thereby forming an inner section havinga plurality of connected layers ofsheet material, then wrapping anintermediate separating layer of sheet material around said innersection in position to separate said inner section from an outer sectionto be wound thereon, and then winding heat insulating sheetmaterial'upon and around said intermediate layer, thereby'forming anouter section having .a plurality of con nected layers of sheet materialsurrounding said intermediate separating layer and said mner sectlon andseparatedfrom sa1d lnner 1 0w section by said 3. A process of makingheat insulating coverings having separable inner and outer sections,which comprises winding heat insulating sheet material around a rotarysupport, thereby forming an inner section having a plurality ofconnected layers of sheet material, then wrapping around said innersection an intermediate separating layer of sheet material having adrysurface to separate said inner sectionfrom an outer section to be woundthereon, and then winding heat insulating sheet material upon and aroundsaid intermediate layer and around said inner section by rotating saidinner section, thereby forming an outer section having a plurality ofconnected layers of sheet material surrounding said intermediateseparating layer an said inner section and separated from said innersection by said intermediate separating layer.

4. A process of making heat insulating coverings having separable innerand outer sections, which comprises Winding heat insulating sheetmaterial provided with adhesive material thereon, around a rotarysupport thereby forming an inner section having a plurality ofadhesively connected layers, then wrapping around said inner section anintermediate separating layer having a dry surface to-provide means forseparating said inner section from an outer section to be wound aroundthe same, and then winding heat insulating sheet material havingadhesive material thereon'around said inner section and around and incontact with said intermediate' separating layer thereby forming anouter section which surrounds said intermediate separating layer andsaid inner section and is separated from the-inner section by saidseparating layer.

5. A process of making heat insulating coverings having separable innerand outer sections, which comprises winding heat in sulating sheetmaterial having adhesive material thereon around a. rotary support,thereby forming an inner section having a plurality of adhesivelyconnected layers I of sheet material, then wrapping around sa1d innersection an intermediate separating layer having a dry surface toseparate said inner section from the outer section to be Wound thereon,then wlnding heat lnsulating sheet material coated with adhesivematerial upon and around said intermediate layer and around said innersection by rotating said inner section, thereby ,fo'r ing an outersection surrounding said intermediate separating layer and said innersec tion and separated from said inner section by said intermediateseparating layer, and then slitting through a side of each of said innerand outer sections longitudinally from end to end thereof.

described,

meagre 6. A process of making heat insulating coverings having separableinner andouter sections, which comprises winding heat insulating sheetmaterial around a rotary sup section by rotating said inner section,thereby'forming an outer section having a plurality of connected layersof sheet material surrounding said inner sectlon and separated from thesame by said intermediate separating layer, then slitting said inner andouter sections from end to end thereof longitudinally, and thenadjusting the inner and outer sections with respect to each other toposition the margins thereof in ofiset relation. 7

7. A process of making heat insulating coverings having separable innerand outer sections, which comprises winding heat insulating sheetmaterial having adhesive material thereon around a rotary support,thereby forming an inner section having a plurality of adhesivelyconnected layers of sheet material, then wrapping around said innersection an intermediate separating layer having. a dry surface, forseparating said inner section from an outer section to be Woundthereon,then winding heat insulating sheet material coated with adhesivematerial upon and around said intermediate separating layer and aroundsaid inner section by rotating said inner section, thereby forming anouter section having, a plurality of ad hesively connected layersof'sheet material surroundingand adapted to fit around the periphery ofsaid inner section and separated froin the same by said intermediatebroken joints in the structure;

8. A heat insulating covering ofthe class comprising an inner sectionformed of a series of adhesively connected layers of heat insulatingsheet material, an outer section comprising a series of adhesivelyconnected layers of heat insulating sheet material surrounding saidinner section, and an intermedate separating layer of sheet materialhavinga dry surface interposed between said'inner and outer sea I tions.I v

9. A heat insulating covering of the class described, comprising acylindrical inner section formed of a series of adhesively connectedlayers of heat insulating sheet material, an outer cylindrcial sectioncomprising a plurality of adhesively connected layers of heat insulatingsheet material; surroundin said inner section, and a detached 'intermeiate separating layer of sheet material having a d surface interposedbetween said cylindrlcal inner and outer sections.

10. A heat insulating covering of the class described, comprising acylindrical inner section formed of a series of adhesively connectedlayers of heat insulating sheet material and having a longitudinal slitthrough the side of said inner section from end to end thereof,.an outersection comprising a plurality of adhesively connected layers of heatinsulating material surrounding said inner section and having alongitudinal slit through the side of said outer section in offsetrelation to said slit in said inner section, and an intermediateseparating layer of sheet material having a dry surface interposedbetween said inner and outer sections.

11. A heat insulating covering of the elm described, comprising acylindrical inner section formed of a series of adhesively connectedlayers "of heat insulating sheet material, an outer cylindrical sectioncomprising a series of adhesively connected layers of heat insulatingsheet materal surrounding said inner section, and an intermediateseparating layer of sheet. material-having a dry surface interposedbetween said inner and outer sections, said inner and outer sectionshaving longitudinal side-slits in offset relation to each other andforming offset longitudinal side joints between. said inner and outersections.

12. A heat insulating covering of the class described',.com rising aninner section having a series 0 adhesively connected layers of sheetmaterial containing fibrous asbestos,

inner section, and an intermediate separating layer of sheet materialhaving a dry surface interposed between the outer layer of said innersection and the inner layer of said outer section and separating saidinner and outer sections.

13. A heat insulating covering of the class described, comprising acylindrical inner section having a series of adhesively connected layersof sheet material containing fibrous asbestos, an outer cylindricalsection comprising a series of adhesively connected layers of sheetmaterial containing fibrous asbestos surrounding said inner section,said inner and outer sections having their end margins in offsetrelation and having longitudinal side slits in ofi'set relation to eachother and forming offset longitudinal side joints between saidsections,.and an intermediate separating layer of sheet material havinga dry surface interposed between and in detached relation to said innerand outer sections.

14. A heat insulating pipe-covering comprising an inner section formedof adhesively connected spirals of a coil of a webof heat insulatingfabric, an outer section similarly formed from a web of the same material but severed therefrom, and an intermediate separating layer ofsheet -material having dry surfaces interposed between said firstmentioned inner and outer sections and free from attachment to eitherthereof, whereby said sections may be shifted in relative position tobreak joints.

Si ed at Chicago in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois this 8th dayof August, 1922.-

i FRANK A. HEADSON. Witness:

' HARRY 1.0mm.

